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          Íѹ·Õè¨ÃÔ§¨Ó¹Ç¹Ê¶Ò¹ÕÊѺà»ÅÕè¹¢¹Ò´àÅ硹Ñé¹äÁèä´éÍÂÙèã¹á¼¹¡ÒÃÍ͡Ẻ¢Í§Ãкº¤Çº¤ØÁ SCADA µÑé§áµèááàÃÔèÁ Ê觼ŷÓãËéà¡Ô´¡ÒÃäÁèà¾Õ§¾Í¢Í§ªè᪹ͧá¹ÅÊ×èÍÊÒà (Communication Channel) ¢Í§ÍØ»¡Ã³ì¿Ã͹µìà͹´ì (Front End) ¢Í§ SCADA à¾×èÍÃͧÃѺἹ¡ÒÃà¡Ô´¢Í§Ê¶Ò¹ÕÊѺà»ÅÕè¹¢¹Ò´àÅç¡·Ñé§ËÁ´ ÂÔ觡ÇèÒ¹Ñé¹ÃҤҢ᪹ͧá¹ÅÊ×èÍÊÒôѧ¡ÅèÒÇ¡çÁÕÃÒ¤Ò¤è͹¢éÒ§ÊÙ§â´ÂÁÕÃÒ¤Ò»ÃÐÁÒ³ªèͧÅÐ˹Öè§ÅéÒ¹ºÒ· à¾×èÍ·Õè¨ÐãËéÈÙ¹Âì SCADA ÊÒÁÒö¤Çº¤ØÁáÅÐÁ͹ÔàµÍÃìä´é¹Ñé¹µéͧÁÕ¡ÒÃÍ͡ẺÃкº¤Çº¤ØÁʶҹÕÂèÍ (SCS: Substation Control System) ãËéÊÒÁÒöÃͧÃѺ¢éͨӡѴ´Ñ§¡ÅèÒÇä´é ´Ñ§¹Ñ鹡ÒÃä¿¿éÒ¨Ö§¾Ô¨ÒóÒʶҹÕÂèÍÂÅÙ¡¤éÒà»ç¹ 2 »ÃÐàÀ· ¹Ñ鹤×Í ÅÙ¡¤éÒ˹èǧҹÃÒª¡Òà áÅÐÅÙ¡¤éÒàÍ¡ª¹ ÊÓËÃѺʶҹÕÂèÍÂÅÙ¡¤éÒ˹èǧҹÃÒª¡ÒùÑ鹡ÒÃä¿¿éÒ¨ÐãËéªèͧÊ×èÍÊÒÃ੾ÒÐ áµèÊÓËÃѺʶҹÕÂèÍÂÅÙ¡¤éÒàÍ¡ª¹¨ÐãËéªè᪹ͧá¹ÅÊ×èÍÊÒÃẺãªéÃèÇÁ¡Ñ¹¡ÑºÊ¶Ò¹ÕÂèÍ¢ͧ¡ÒÃä¿¿éÒà¾×èͨкÃÔËÒèӹǹªèͧÊ×èÍÊÒ÷Õè¨Ó¡Ñ´ áµèÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ¡ÒÃãªéªè᪹ͧá¹ÅÊ×èÍÊÒÃÃèÇÁ¡Ñ¹¨ÐÁÕ¢éͨӡѴ㹡ÒäǺ¤ØÁÍØ»¡Ã³ì ¹Ñ鹤×Í äÁèÊÒÁÒö·Ó¡Òä͹â·ÃÅÍØ»¡Ã³ìµÑ´µÍ¹ÁÒ¡¡ÇèÒ˹Ö觵ÑÇã¹àÇÅÒà´ÕÂǡѹ Ê觼ÅÍÒ¨¨Ð·ÓãËé¡Ò÷ÓÊÇÔµªÔè§ÅèÒªéÒ¢Öé¹àÅ硹éÍ Ê׺à¹×èͧ¡ÒÃãªéÍØ»¡Ã³ì૤¤Ñè¹´ÒÃÕã¹Ê¶Ò¹ÕÊѺà»ÅÕè¹¢¹Ò´àÅç¡ÍÒ¨¨ÐÁÕËÅÒÂÃٻẺ¢Öé¹ÍÂÙè¡ÑºËÅÒ»Ѩ¨Ñ àªè¹ §º»ÃÐÁҳʹѺʹع ËÃ×ÍÃдѺ¤ÇÒÁÊӤѭ¢Í§âËÅ´ áÅÐà¾×èÍʹѺʹع·Ø¡¤ÇÒÁµéͧ¡ÒÃ㹡ÒäǺ¤ØÁÊ¶Ò¹Õ Ãкº SCS ¨ÐµéͧʹѺʹع¿Ñ§¡ìªÑè¹ IEC61850-MMS-client ÊÓËÃѺàª×èÍÁµè͡ѺÃÕàÅÂì»éͧ¡Ñ¹»ÃÐàÀ· IEC61850 à¾×èÍÃѺ¤èÒÇÑ´·Ò§ä¿¿éÒ, ʶҹÐáÅÐÍÐÅÒÃìÁÀÒÂã¹µÑÇÃÕàÅÂì»éͧ¡Ñ¹ ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ¶éÒÃÕàÅÂì»éͧ¡Ñ¹äÁèä´éà»ç¹»ÃÐàÀ· IEC61850 Ãкº¤Çº¤ØÁʶҹÕÂèͨÐãªéÇÔ¸Õàª×èÍÁµèÍ´éÇÂÊÒ¤͹â·ÃÅ (Hard-wiring) ¡ÑºÃÕàÅÂì»éͧ¡Ñ¹à¾×èÍÃѺ੾ÒÐʶҹÐáÅÐÍÐÅÒÃìÁ ÊèǹàÃ×èͧ¤èÒÇÑ´¨Óà»ç¹µéͧãªéà¾ÒàÇÍÃìÁÔàµÍÃì (Power Meter) ·Õèãªéâ»ÃⵤÍÅ Modbus Ãкº SCS ÂѧµéͧÁ͹ÔàµÍÃì áÅФǺ¤ØÁÍØ»¡Ã³ìä¾ÃÁÒÃÕ¼èÒ¹ÊÒ¤͹â·ÃÅ ÊÔ觷ÕèÊӤѭ¢Í§Ãкº SCS ¤×Í µéͧʹѺʹع¿Ñ§¡ìªÑè¹ IEC61850-MMS Server ẺËÅÒÂà«ÔÃì¿àÇÍÃì áÅШӹǹ MMS Report à¾Õ§¾ÍÊÓËÃѺÃͧÃѺËÅÒÂä¤Åà͹µì ¹Ñ鹤×Í CCU ¨Ó¹Ç¹ 2 µÑÇ·ÕèʶҹÕÂèÍ¢éÒ§à¤Õ§ ·Ó˹éÒ·Õèà»ç¹à¡µØàÇÂìÊ觢éÍÁÙŵèÍãËéÈÙ¹ÂìÊÑ觡Òà SCADA ´Ñ§ÃÙ»·Õè 7 à˵Øã´µéͧµéͧÃͧÃѺ CCU ¨Ó¹Ç¹ 2 µÑÇ¡çà¾ÃÒÐÇèÒ CCU ¹Ñé¹·Ó˹éÒ·ÕèẺ Hot-Standby «Ö觡ѹáÅСѹ

 

 

 

ÃÙ»·Õè 7 áÊ´§Ê¶Ò¹ÕÊѺà»ÅÕè¹¢¹Ò´àÅç¡ã¹¹Ô¤ÁÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁÅÒ´¡Ãкѧ

 

          ˹Öè§ã¹µÑÇÍÂèÒ§ ¤×Í Ê¶Ò¹ÕÊѺà»ÅÕè¹¢¹Ò´àÅç¡ã¹¹Ô¤ÁÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁÅÒ´¡Ãкѧ â´ÂʶҹÕÊѺà»ÅÕè¹¢¹Ò´àÅ硴ѧ¡ÅèÒǨÐÊ觢éÍÁÙÅã¹Ê¶Ò¹Õä»ÂѧÍØ»¡Ã³ì CCU ¨Ó¹Ç¹ 2 µÑÇ áÅÐ HMI (Human-Machine Interface) ¢Í§Ê¶Ò¹ÕÂèÍÂÅÒ´¡Ãкѧ¢Í§¡ÒÃä¿¿éÒ ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ HMI ¢Í§Ê¶Ò¹ÕÂèÍÂÅÒ´¡Ãкѧ¨ÐÊÒÁÒöÁ͹ÔàµÍÃìáÅФǺ¤ØÁ¢Í§ÍØ»¡Ã³ìµÑ´µÍ¹ÀÒÂã¹Ê¶Ò¹ÕÊѺà»ÅÕè¹¢¹Ò´àÅ硴ѧ¡ÅèÒǾÃéÍÁ¡ÑºÈÙ¹Âì SCADA ´Ñ§áÊ´§ã¹ÃÙ»·Õè 8

 

 

ÃÙ»·Õè 8 áÊ´§Ê¶Ò¹ÕÊѺà»ÅÕè¹¢¹Ò´àÅ硺¹ HMI ¢Í§Ê¶Ò¹ÕÂèÍ¢éÒ§à¤Õ§´éÇ IEC61850 MMS

 

          Ê׺à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡ÈÙ¹Âì SCADA ÍÒ¨¨ÐãªéÊÑ­­Ò³«Ô§à¡ÔžÍµì (Single-point Indication) ¨Ó¹Ç¹ 2 ÊÑ­­Ò³ÁÒá·¹µÓá˹è§ÍØ»¡Ã³ìÊÇÔµªìµÑ´µÍ¹·ÕèÁÕ 4 ʶҹР(Running, Close, Open áÅÐ Fault) áµèÃкº HMI ·ÕèãªéÁҵðҹ IEC61850 ¹Ñ鹨ÐãªéÊÑ­­Ò³´ÑºàºÔžÍµì (Double-point Indication) à¾×èÍ᷹ʶҹÐÍØ»¡Ã³ìµÑ´µÍ¹ ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹à¾×èÍÃͧÃѺÃٻẺÊÑ­­Ò³·ÕèᵡµèÒ§¡Ñ¹Ãкº SCS µéͧÁտѧ¡ìªÑè¹ã¹¡ÒÃáÁ»»Ôé§ ÊÓËÃѺ¡ÒÃáªÃì I/O ä»ÂѧâŨԤÍÅâ˹´·ÕèᵡµèÒ§¡Ñ¹¢Í§ IEC61850 ´Ñ§ÃÙ»·Õè 9

 

 

ÃÙ»·Õè 9 áÊ´§¡ÒÃáªÃì I/O º¹ËÅÒÂâŨԤÍÅâ˹´µÒÁÁҵðҹ IEC61850

 

 

3. ¿Ñ§¡ìªÑ蹶èÒÂâ͹âËÅ´ÃÐËÇèÒ§Ê¶Ò¹Õ (ILTF: Intersubstation Line Transfer Function)

 

          ¿Ñ§¡ìªÑ蹶èÒÂâ͹âËÅ´ÃÐËÇèÒ§Ê¶Ò¹Õ ¤×Í Ë¹Öè§ã¹¿Ñ§¡ìªÑè¹Íѵâ¹ÁѵԷÕè¶Ù¡Í͡ẺÊÓËÃѺ¡ÒöèÒÂâ͹âËÅ´¡Ã³Õ©Ø¡à©Ô¹à¾×èÍà¾ÔèÁ¤ÇÒÁàª×èͶ×Íä´éãËé¡ÑºÊ¶Ò¹Õä¿¿éÒ·Õè¨èÒÂä¿¿éÒÅѡɳÐÍÔ¹äŹì (Inline) «Ö觡çÃÇÁʶҹÕÊѺà»ÅÕè¹¢¹Ò´àÅç¡·ÕèÍÒ¨¨Ðà»ç¹ÍÔ¹äŹìËÃ×ÍâÍà¾è¹ÅÙ»¡çä´é ¿Ñ§¡ìªÑ蹶èÒÂâ͹âËÅ´ÃÐËÇèÒ§Ê¶Ò¹Õ ËÃ×Í ILTF ¨Ð·Ó§Ò¹´éÇÂãªé¢éÍÁÙŨҡËÅÒÂʶҹշÕèà¡ÕèÂÇ¢éͧ ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹Ãкº¡ÒÃÊ×èÍÊÒè֧à»ç¹ÊÔ觷Õèµéͧ¡ÒÃ

 

 

ÃÙ»·Õè 10 áÊ´§¡ÒÃàª×èÍÁµèÍÃÐËÇèҧʶҹÕÂèÍÂà¾×èͷӿѧ¡ìªÑè¹ ILTF

 

          ÊÓËÃѺʶҹÕÂèÍ·ÕèãªéÁҵðҹ IEC61850 «Ö觡ç¶Ù¡¹ÓÁÒãªéÍÂèÒ§á¾ÃèËÅÒÂ㹻Ѩ¨ØºÑ¹ÊÓËÃѺÍصÊÒË¡ÃÃÁ¾Åѧ§Ò¹ä¿¿éÒ â´Âʶһѵ¡ÃÃÁ¡ÒÃÊ×èÍÊÒâͧÁҵðҹ IEC61850 ¨Ð·Ó§Ò¹º¹à·¤â¹âÅÂÕÍÕà·ÍÃìà¹çµ (Ethernet) áÅÐ TCP/IP ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹ Ê¶Ò¹ÕÂèÍÂÁҵðҹ IEC61850 ¨ÐÊÒÁÒöÊ×èÍÊÒáѺʶҹÕÂèÍÂÍ×è¹ æ à¾×èͷӿѧ¡ìªÑè¹ ILTF ä´é Ê׺à¹×èͧ¨Ò¡¿Ñ§¡ìªÑè¹ ILTF ¹Ñé¹µéͧ¡ÒäÇÒÁàÃçÇ㹡ÒõͺʹͧÊÙ§ ´Ñ§¹Ñ鹨֧¨Óà»ç¹µéͧãªéàÁÊ૨ GOOSE (Generic Object Oriented Substation Event) 㹡Ò÷ӧҹ µÑÇàÁÊ૨ GOOSE ¹Ñé¹·Ó§Ò¹·ÕèªÑé¹´ÒµéÒÅÔ§¡ì (Data-link Layer) ´Ñ§¹Ñ鹿ѧ¡ìªÑè¹ ILTF ¨Ö§µéͧÃкºà¤Ã×Í¢èÒ·éͧ¶Ôè¹¢¹Ò´ãË­èâ´Â¡ÒÃàª×èÍÁÊͧà¤Ã×Í¢èÒ·éͧ¶Ô蹢ͧáµèÅÐʶҹÕÂèÍÂà¢éÒ´éÇ¡ѹ·ÕèªÑé¹´ÒµéÒÅÔ§¡ì´éÇÂÍØ»¡Ã³ì·ÕèàÃÕ¡ÇèÒÁÕà´Õ¤͹àÇÍÃìàµÍÃì (Media Converter ËÃ×Í F/O-to-Ethernet Modem) ·Õè¨ÐÂ×´à¤Ã×Í¢èÒ·éͧ¶Ôè¹à¢éÒËҡѹ¼èÒ¹ÊÒÂãÂá¡éǹÓáʧ´Ñ§ÃÙ»·Õè 10  ÍÂèÒ§äáçµÒÁ¡ÒÃÊÃéÒ§à¤Ã×Í¢èÒ·éͧ¶Ôè¹¢¹Ò´ãË­è¹Ñé¹ÁըشÍè͹ËÅÒ¨ش àªè¹ ÁռšÃзº¨Ò¡·ÃÒ¿¿Ô¡ (Traffic) ¨Ò¡Ê¶Ò¹ÕÂèÍÂ˹Öè§ä»ÍաʶҹÕÂèÍÂ˹Öè§ áÅÐã¹àÃ×èͧÃдѺ¤ÇÒÁ»ÅÍ´ÀÑ¢ͧà¤Ã×Í¢èÒ·ÕèµèÓŧ ´Ñ§¹Ñé¹¼Ùé´ÙáÅà¤Ã×Í¢èÒ¨еéͧ¤Í¹¿Ô¡ÍØ»¡Ã³ìÍÕà·ÍÃìà¹çµÊÇÔµªìãËé´Õ·ÕèÊØ´à¾×èÍÅ´¼Å¡ÃзºãËé¹éÍÂÊØ´à·èÒ·Õèà»ç¹ä»ä´é

 

 

ÃÙ»·Õè 11 áÊ´§µÑÇÍÂèÒ§¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§¿Ñ§¡ìªÑè¹ ILTF

 

          µÑÇÍÂèÒ§¡Ò÷ӧҹ¢Í§¿Ñ§¡ìªÑè¹ ILTF ´Ñ§ÃÙ»·Õè 11 ¤×Í àÁ×èÍÃÕàÅÂìáç´Ñ¹µèÓµÃǨà¨Íáç´Ñ¹µèÓà¡Ô´¢Ö鹺¹ÊÒÂÊ觷ÕèÁÒʶҹյ鹷ҧ·Õè 1 ·Õè¨èÒÂä¿ãËéʶҹÕÂèÍ·Õè¨èÒÂä¿¿éÒẺÍÔ¹äŹìà»ç¹ÃÐÂÐàÇÅÒ 0.2 ÇÔ¹Ò·Õ áÅТ³Ð¹Ñé¹äÁèÁÕÊÑ­­Ò³Í×è¹ æ ·Õèà¡ÕèÂǡѺÃкº»éͧ¡Ñ¹à¡Ô´¢Öé¹·ÕèʶҹÕÂèÍÂÍÔ¹äŹì áÅРʶҹÕÂèÍÂâÍà¾è¹ÅÙ» ´Ñ§¹Ñ鹿Íŵìµéͧà¡Ô´·ÕèÃÐËÇèҧʶҹյ鹷ҧ·Õè 1áÅÐʶҹÕÂèÍÂÍÔ¹äŹìá¹è¹Í¹ ¿Ñ§¡ìªÑè¹ ILTF ¡ç¨Ð»Å´à«ÍÃì¡ÔµàºÃ¡à¡ÍÃì¢Í§ÍÔ¹¤ÑÁÁÔ觷ÕèÃѺ¨Ò¡Ê¶Ò¹Õµé¹·Ò§·Õè 1 à¾×èÍá¡¿ÍŵìÍÍ¡¡è͹ áÅÐËÅѧ¨Ò¡¹Ñ鹡ç¨ÐÊѺà«ÍÃì¡ÔµàºÃ¡à¡ÍÃì·ÕèµÓá˹觺Ñʤѻà»ÅÍÃì¢Í§Ê¶Ò¹ÕÂèÍ·Õèà»ç¹âÍà¾è¹ÅÙ» à¾×èͨÐÊ觵è;Åѧ§Ò¹ä¿¿éҨҡʶҹÕÂèÍÂâÍà¾è¹ÅÙ»·ÕèÃѺ俿éҨҡʶҹյ鹷ҧ·Õè 2 ä»ÂѧʶҹÕÂèÍÂÍÔ¹äÅ¹ì ·ÓãËéÃÐÂÐä¿¿éҴѺ·ÕèʶҹÕÂèÍÂÍÔ¹äŹì¹Ñé¹ÊÑé¹ÁÒ¡¨¹á·ºäÁèÁռšÃзº

 

 

àÍ¡ÊÒÃÍéÒ§ÍÔ§

1. K.Budka, J.Deshpande, T. Doumi, M. Madden, T.Mew: Communication Network Architecture and design principles for Smart Grid, Bell Labs Tech., 2010
2. J.Fulcher, An Introduction to Microcomputer Systems: Architecture and Interfacing. Addison-Wesley, Sydney,1989
3. S. Mackay, E.Wright, D. Reynders and .J Park, Practical Industrial Data Network: Design, Installation and Troubleshooting. IDC Technologies, Perth,2004
4. International Electrotechnical Commision. IEC60870-5 Telecontrol equipment and systems. Part 5: Transmission protocols
5. K. Brand, V.Lohmann, and W. Wimmer, “Substation Automation Handbook”, Utility Automation Consulting Lohmann, Bremgaten, Switzerland, 2003.
6. Natural Resources Defense Council: Renewable Energy for America, NRDC
7. C. Kriger, S.Behardien, and J.Reonda-Modiya, A Detailed Analysis of the GOOSE Message Structure in an IEC61850 Standard-Based Substation Automation System, 2013

 

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